Exploring the determinants of child marriage among boys: a systematic review

Child marriage remains a global concern with significant health and social implications, yet research has predominantly focused on girls, leaving boys’ experiences underexplored. This systematic review aimed to synthesise evidence on the determinants of child marriage among boys using a socio-ecological lens. In accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines, a systematic search of Scopus, PubMed, SpringerLink, Taylor & Francis Online, and Dimensions identified studies published between 2014 and 2024. Twelve eligible studies employing qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods designs were included. Methodological quality was appraised using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tools, and findings were synthesised thematically. Determinants clustered at four levels: individual (education and work transitions, masculine ideals), interpersonal (parental authority, family conflict, peers and partners), community (gendered norms, religious and community leaders), and societal/structural (poverty, rural disadvantage, education systems, and limited policy and program attention to boys).