Adoption of hermetic storage bags among Tanzanian smallholders: economic and policy insights

Postharvest losses remain a critical challenge for smallholder maize farmers in Tanzania, undermining food security and income potential. This study examines the determinants influencing the adoption of hermetic storage bags as a sustainable postharvest solution. Using a cross-sectional survey of 377 respondents from Kilosa and Kondoa districts, a logit model and return on investment (ROI) analysis were employed to assess adoption drivers and economic viability. Results reveal that training significantly increases the likelihood of adopting hermetic storage, with trained farmers nearly eight times more likely to adopt the technology. Household income and maize stored for sale positively influence adoption, while higher total maize production correlates with reduced uptake, likely due to immediate market sales for cash flow. Additionally, expectations of higher maize prices further motivate adoption. ROI analysis showed hermetic storage bags outperform traditional methods, delivering positive returns of 15.3% and 17.2% in Kilosa and Kondoa, respectively, while conventional methods yielded negative ROI. These findings underscore the role of training, economic incentives, and market dynamics in shaping adoption decisions. To promote wider use, the study recommends enhancing farmer training, improving access, and aligning policies to support postharvest innovations. Scaling hermetic technologies can reduce losses, improve incomes, and strengthen food security in rural Tanzania.