Topology optimization of anisotropic materials under buckling constraints

As topology optimization problems generate solutions with complex shapes, additive manufacturing processes could be used to fabricate those structures. Topology optimization problems by density methods were here explored as applied to structures fabricated by the fused deposition modelling method. Those structures show orthotropic behaviour where their stiffness depends on the orientation in which the component is printed. To evaluate the effects of those properties in optimization solutions, problems consisting of structural compliance minimization under material volume and buckling constraints, using the linear buckling approach, were investigated. This optimization model was implemented using the OpenMDAO modular framework, simplifying the integration of the required analysis and possible future extensions. Case studies were investigated considering different printing orientations, showing how the optimization solutions responded to different orthotropic conditions and also critical buckling requirements. Aside from the distinct geometric features present in those solutions, differences in minimum compliance values and eigenvalues separation were highlighted.