Composite solid propellant based on HTPB doped with potato starch nitrate: preparation, characterization, and kinetic behavior

This study reports the development and characterization of a novel solid composite propellant formulated with hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) and potato-starch nitrate (NPS) as an energetic bio-based additive. The effect of NPS incorporation at different loadings (10%, 30%, and 50%) on the physicochemical and energetic properties of the binder system was systematically investigated. Thermochemical simulations predicted a marked increase in specific impulse upon NPS doping, highlighting its potential to enhance propulsion performance. Structural and chemical interactions were examined by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), while density measurements revealed a progressive increase in binder density with increasing NPS content. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) confirmed a homogeneous morphology and acceptable dispersion of NPS within the HTPB matrix. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) demonstrated improved thermal stability and increased exothermicity, indicating enhanced energetic performance. Overall, the incorporation of NPS significantly improves the physicochemical and energetic-related properties of HTPB-based propellants, making this modified binder a promising candidate for advanced and sustainable energetic formulations.