Effects of steam warming eye masks on choroidal perfusion, visual function, dry eye measures, and symptoms in children with myopia

Clinical relevance Innovative eye warming therapies may enhance comfort and ocular health in paediatric patients, potentially aiding in myopia management. Recognising the impact of ocular surface and perfusion improvements can guide optometrists in adopting non-invasive, supportive interventions to promote eye health and prevent progression of myopia in children.Background This study investigates the effects of steam-warming eye masks on the potential prevention and management of myopia in Chinese children.Methods A single-arm design was used, enrolling myopic and pre-myopic children at Shanghai Aier Puliang Eye Hospital from July 8 to 1 August 2024. All participants underwent treatment with steam-warming eye masks.Results The study included 127 eyes from 68 children, with 31 classified as pre-myopic and 37 as myopic. The application of the steam warming eye mask led to significant improvements in key ocular parametres. Choroidal perfusion in the central retina increased significantly in the 0–9 mm and 3–9 mm regions (p < 0.001). Symptom scores for eye strain, dryness, and soreness decreased by 60.75%, 22.96%, and 33.24%, respectively (p < 0.001). Ocular amplitude of accommodation and blink stability improved by 13.90% (p < 0.001) and 25.26% (p < 0.001), respectively. No significant changes were found in visual acuity or refractive error, nor in tear meniscus height (p = 0.117).Conclusion Steam warming eye mask significantly improved ocular comfort, visual function, and choroidal perfusion in children, suggesting its potential as a practical tool for managing paediatric ocular health and controlling myopia.