A graphene metasurface half-adder base on plasmon-induced transparency

A graphene-metasurface half-adder based on plasmon-induced transparency is proposed here for the first time. The device was simulated and optimized using the finite integration time domain (FITD) method, and its performance was systematically evaluated. The half-adder achieves a maximum modulation depth (MD) of 85.57%, a maximum extinction ratio (ER) of 8.41 dB, and a minimum insertion loss (IL) of 0.19 dB. By encoding the Fermi level of graphene and the polarization angle of the incident terahertz wave as the two logic inputs, the half-adder produces the corresponding output states at 2.608 THz and 2.956 THz. The proposed metasurface design is structurally simple and performs robustly in realizing half-adder functionality, offering a promising new strategy for developing optical logic devices.