Finding the words to say how you feel: experiences of using embodied metaphors

Introduction: Metaphors play a crucial role in structuring understanding of experiences and enabling expression of thoughts and feelings that are otherwise difficult to articulate. While their use in counselling is well established, limited research has explored how embodied metaphors, grounded in sensory and bodily experiences, facilitate emotional expression. This study examines participant experiences of using embodied metaphors in discussing difficult emotions. Method: 20 participants aged 18–52, excluding those with current mental health diagnoses or in therapy, took part in semi-structured interviews. They used embodied metaphors across each sensory domain to express emotions and reflected on perceived helpfulness. Data was analysed using Reflexive Thematic Analysis. Results: Four themes were identified: Sensory Preferences, Memory Trumps Metaphor, Storytelling Through Metaphor, and Gaining Perspective. Sensory preferences, imagery vividness, and memory recall shaped engagement with metaphors. While embodied metaphors often supported emotional expression and insight, sensory sensitivities and heightened recall sometimes acted as barriers, shifting focus from emotions to events. Conclusion: Embodied metaphors can facilitate emotional expression, through storytelling. Variations in sensory preferences, imagery vividness, and memory recall influenced perceived helpfulness. Findings highlight the potential of embodied metaphors as a therapeutic multi-tool across sensory domains, with further research needed to refine clinical applications.