Peace and extremism in Anbar: the struggle for stability after ISIS and the roots of recurring radicalism (2003–2025)

Since the US invasion of Iraq in 2003, the Province of Anbar faced waves of extremism, insecurity, and instability. This study highlight these themes through three phases: before the rise of ISIS; during ISIS’s domination' and after ISIS to explore whether extremism emerged merely from ideological factors or from other causess. In the study qualitative comparative theories are adopted in order to while military victories are shed more light on the nature of the challenges facing Anbar and the complex problems that accompany insurgency and post-conflict reconstruction.