Multifunctional Ultra-High-Performance Concrete (UHPC) Based on Tailoring Chemical Reaction Pathways

Ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) has gained increasing attention for its superior mechanical and durability properties. Recent efforts have focused on advancing next-generation UHPC technologies that align with CO2 reduction and performance enhancement goals. This study presents a focused summary of four emerging research directions: (1) clinker-free UHPC through enhanced pozzolanic reactions, (2) in-situ CO2 premixing and curing for carbon fixation, (3) lightweight UHPC incorporating hollow microspheres, and (4) hydration optimization using ultra-low water-to-binder ratios using chemical and mechanochemical techniques. Bibliometric analysis confirms the growing national interest in these areas, particularly after 2020. The investigated strategies demonstrate strong potential to overcome conventional UHPC limitations while reducing environmental impact. This study serves as a timely reference for the development of sustainable and high-efficiency UHPC systems.