Structural Analysis of Narrow UHPC Wet Joints in Precast Bridge Decks

This study presents a comprehensive investigation of Ultra-High-Performance Concrete (UHPC) wet joints in precast bridge decks through integrated experimental, numerical, and theoretical approaches, addressing critical gaps in joint optimization for Accelerated Bridge Construction (ABC). Three full-scale specimens—a monolithic deck and two with UHPC joints (wedge-shaped, funnel-shaped with U-shaped reinforcement,)—were tested under flexural loading. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) in ABAQUS incorporated Concrete Damage Plasticity and cohesive surface interactions, achieving strong validation against experimental results (2.6% induced brittle failure. The STM provided validated design guidelines, including optimal U-bar lap lengths (100 mm for ϕ16 mm bars) and transverse reinforcement sizing (min. ϕ10 mm for 100–150 mm spacing). This multi-method framework establishes 0.15 m wedge/funnel joints as material-efficient (50% UHPC reduction) and structurally robust solutions, advancing sustainable ABC through theoretically grounded design protocols.