Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet and brain health: a systematic review

INTRODUCTION: By 2050, the global population aged 60+ is expected to reach two billion. As the population ages, the prevalence of neurodegenerative disorders will increase, while depression and anxiety will continue to be major causes of disability. A diet rich in antioxidants can positively impact cognitive function and protect against psychological disorders. OBJECTIVE: to summarize the evidence of the impact of the MIND diet in reducing risks or slowing neurodegenerative and psychological diseases. METHODOLOGY: The data were collected by searching electronic databases, including PubMed and Science Direct, until September 2023. The search terms included 'Alzheimer's, Anxiety, Brain Health, Cognitive Decline, Dementia, Depression, Parkinson's, MIND diet, and psychological disorders.' Peer-reviewed studies conducted on individuals aged 18 or older were included. 135 papers were identified and reviewed. 26 full-text, relevant original articles were included. RESULTS: The study analyzed a sample of 37 to 16,058 participants, ages 20-97. Among the identified studies, 6 RCTs, 11 cross-sectional studies, and 9 longitudinal studies were analyzed. The results indicate that adherence to the MIND diet slows cognitive decline and positively influences cognitive function and verbal memory in later life, reducing the risk of developing Parkinsonism, non-motor symptoms, depressive symptoms, and lowering stress levels. CONCLUSION: Our systematic review implies that the MIND diet can enhance cognitive health and is highly beneficial for mitigating risks of dementia, physiological diseases, anxiety, and depression due to its superior antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, further research is required to evaluate its long-term effects on health.