Multi-perspective analysis of the noise reduction characteristics of asphalt-based poroelastic road surface (APERS)

To gain a deeper understanding of the noise reduction mechanisms of Poroelastic Road Surface (PERS), this study utilized SBS-modified asphalt and optimally selected polyurethane (PU) as binders to prepare Asphalt-based Poroelastic Road Surface (APERS) via a dry process. The sound absorption performance, damping characteristics, and surface texture properties of APERS were investigated through impedance tube test, tire vibration test, and laser texture scanner. The APERS mixture exhibits superior sound absorption performance. Compared to AC-13, its maximum and average sound absorption coefficients (SAC) increased by 338.8%–381.0% and 186.7%–200.7%, respectively. The incorporation of rubber particles significantly enhances the damping performance of the APERS mixture, with the vibration attenuation coefficient increasing by up to 100.6% as the rubber content rises, effectively dissipating tire impact energy. The mean profile depth (MPD) of APERS decreases with increasing rubber particle content, maintaining a moderate MPD value and exhibiting a negative texture surface with skewness (Rsk) less than zero. Additionally, the noise reduction performance of APERS was evaluated using a tire vertical drop test. The results demonstrate that APERS achieves significant noise reduction, with the A-weighted overall sound pressure level (SPL) reduced by 1.3–7.3 dBA compared to AC-13, and its spectral curves show superior performance in the mid-to-high frequency range (>2000 Hz), with rubber particles enhancing the absorption of mid-to-high frequency noise energy. This study analyzes the noise reduction characteristics of APERS from multiple perspectives, offering valuable insights into PERS optimization and quieter pavement design.