Chemical and biological evaluation of endemic Origanum amanum Post. essential oil

Origanum amanum is an endemic species of the Lamiaceae, from the Amanous Mountains, Türkiye. The plant samples were collected from Hatay, with soil samples from the same area. The chemical composition of the essential oil (EO) obtained by hydrodistillation was determined by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector and gas chromatography/mass spectrophotometry, simultaneously. In the essential oil, carvacrol was characterized as the main component at 63.7%. The in vitro antioxidant capacity of O. amanum oil was evaluated using ABTS•+ and DPPH• methods and antimicrobial activity was tested against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Escherichia coli O157:H7 RSSK 234, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium ATCC 13,311, Candida krusei ATCC 6258, and Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19111 pathogens. The in vitro 5-lipooxygenase (5-LOX) enzyme inhibition assay showed low anti-inflammatory activity. Good antioxidant capacity in the DPPH• assay, followed by inhibitory activity against S. aureus, E. coli, and S. Typhimurium pathogens, were observed.