Catalytic efficiency of zeolite–X and its ion-exchanged forms for synthesis of 1,5-benzadiazipines

In the present work, Zeolite-X {Na86Al86Si104O384 · 260 H2O} was synthesized by the hydrothermal method and its various ion exchange forms (H+ > Li+ > Na+ > K+ > Cs+) were obtained by the wet method. Synthesized materials were characterized by different techniques, including Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy-dispersive analysis (EDS), NH3-Thermal Programming Desorption (TPD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). To investigate the catalytic efficiency of Zeolite-X at room temperature, various 1,5-benzadiazepines were synthesized via condensation reaction between o-phenylenediamines (OPDA) and different ketones in acetonitrile (CH3CN). The catalyst was found to be highly selective and applicable to cyclic as well as to acyclic ketones. The products were obtained in good to excellent yields (62.1–71.3%) and the reaction was completed by 1 h. Thus, our proposed material, Zeolite-X catalyst for synthesis of 1,5-benzadiazepines is versatile, simple and economical and an excellent addition to the synthetic chemistry.