Multifunctional Potential of Pb (Fe 0.5 Nb 0.5 O 3 ) Ceramics: Structural Integrity and Magneto-Dielectric Response

This study examines the structural and magneto-dielectric characteristics of Pb(Fe0.5Nb0.5)O3 (PFN) ceramics produced through the solid-state method. X-ray diffraction and Rietveld refinement corroborate the existence of a pure perovskite phase characterized by a monoclinic structure. The frequency-dependent AC conductivity adheres to Jonscher’s power law, signifying stable conduction characteristics. Impedance spectroscopy reveals a single relaxation mechanism modeled by a series resistor and a parallel resistor–CPE combination. Application of static magnetic fields alters the dielectric constant, loss, and conductivity due to magnetostrictive effects. These findings highlight strong multiferroic and magnetoelectric coupling in PFN ceramics, making them promising for multifunctional device applications.