Grit as a protective factor against Nomophobia: Moderating effects of maximizing decision style

The present study examined the role of grit and decision-making styles in predicting nomophobia among young adults, considering gender and educational differences. The study also tested whether decision-making styles moderated the association between grit and nomophobia. Using a cross-sectional ex-post facto correlational design, data were collected using purposive sampling technique from 323 young adults (aged 17–25) through online platforms. Participants completed the Three-Dimensional Grit Scale, the Maximizing Inventory, and the Nomophobia Questionnaire. Chi-square test showed that there was an association between gender and education. Mann-Whitney U test showed that men were higher in grit than women. Men and women did not differ in nomophobia or decision-making styles. Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA showed that grit, nomophobia, or decision-making styles did not differ concerning education. Spearman’s correlation analysis showed that grit had a moderate positive correlation with satisficing. Nomophobia had a weak negative correlation with grit and a moderate positive correlation with Maximizing. Regression analysis showed grit as a negative predictor and Maximizing a positive predictor of nomophobia. Moderation analysis indicated that Maximizing style weakened the protective effect of grit on nomophobia, accounting for a small but significant variance in outcomes. The study highlights the interactive role of grit and decision-making styles in understanding nomophobia. Findings suggest that grit alone is insufficient as a protective factor against nomophobia. Its effectiveness depends on decision-making styles, with Maximizing acting as a risk enhancer.