The faces of urban beauty: exploring theoretical and empirical dimensions

The paper proposes a conceptual framework for understanding urban beauty, distinguishing three aspects: formal-visual, cognitive-managerial, and emotional-experiential. This framework builds on theoretical-philosophical insights and qualitative interview-based research. The article emphasizes that urban beauty is not merely a material or formal attribute but also emerges through cognitive interpretation and emotional experience. While the three aspects are analytically distinct, they are practically intertwined. By refining the facets of urban beauty and clarifying their foundations, the article seeks to advance the discourse on urban aesthetics as a multiaspectual phenomenon and offer applied tools for assessing, planning, and designing urban space.