Exhaustion disorder among social workers in Iceland- a national survey

This study investigates the prevalence and predictors of exhaustion disorder among social workers in Iceland, with a focus on both occupational and personal stressors, as well as related self-reported health outcomes. Exhaustion disorder, formally recognised in Sweden, shares similarities with burnout with a broader range of stressors beyond the workplace. A national survey was distributed to all practicing social workers in Iceland, resulting in 246 responses (51% RR). Symptoms were assessed using a validated screening tool developed by the Stress Research Institute in Gothenburg. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were conducted (p < 0.05, 95% CI). Findings revealed that 44% of respondents met criteria for exhaustion disorder – 35% with mild to moderate symptoms and 9.3% with severe symptoms. Those affected reported significantly higher levels of work-related stress. Although younger age, financial strain, childcare responsibilities, and low physical activity were associated with symptoms, only work-related stress remained significant after adjusting for all variables. Participants with symptoms reported poorer overall health, with persistent fatigue and chest pain being the most prominent indicators. Symptom severity was associated with lower supervisor support and job satisfaction. These findings underscore the need to improve working conditions to mitigate exhaustion disorder in the social work profession.