Characterizing the interactions between technology, organization, and people in government digital transformation: a multilevel view of enactment

As research and practice in government digital transformation advance, significant gaps remain in understanding this phenomenon from a front-line and goal-oriented perspective. This study seeks to bridge these gaps by examining the interaction of technological, organizational, and individual factors in digital transformation processes. Based on a Multilevel Technology Enactment framework, we analysed how technology is utilized in U.S. local governments. Our findings highlight the importance of a socio-technical perspective to digital transformation, emphasizing the active role of human agents and organizations in navigating and adapting to new technologies. Based on the findings, we also offer insights to inform practice.