Critical dialogues sparked by painted images facilitate critical consciousness among formerly incarcerated men: an exploratory study

Research has shown the health impacts of classism, sexism, and racism, yet few interventions help oppressed individuals address internalized and structural oppression. This study used data from an intervention designed to build Critical Consciousness, a precursor to health behavior change, focusing on the process of Critical Reflection. We analyzed voice recordings from Critical Dialogues in a randomized clinical trial involving oppressed and underserved men (n = 56) with incarceration and substance use histories. Participants discussed a painted illustration representing oppressive systems. Participants generated dialogue threads expressing Descriptions, Explanations, Interpretations, and Implications. These dialogues enhanced their capacity for Critical Reflection, which motivates Critical Action such as civic and political engagement. Critical Dialogue enabled participants to examine social, political, and economic tools of oppression, advancing understanding of how Critical Reflection can mitigate the effects of oppression on health.