Learning spaces in schools: a pedagogic research agenda

In this paper, we examine the resurgence of research on the relationships between pedagogy and physical learning environments in schools over the past twenty years and propose a research agenda to further advance the field. Acknowledging the field’s evolution from earlier studies in the 1960s and 1970s to its current state, we identify two main research areas: the design of learning spaces and the pedagogical use of learning spaces, emphasising their interconnectedness. Recent studies have focused on flexible and innovative learning environments, spatial literacy and competency, and the alignment of pedagogy, physical space, and educational technology. Our proposed research agenda emphasises maximising pedagogical opportunities in learning spaces, exploring how environments can support pedagogical and technological progress, and investigating the impact of emerging technologies, including AI. Throughout, we stress the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration in creating effective learning environments that respond to evolving educational needs and technological advancements. We also highlight the need to address issues of diversity and inclusion, well-being, community use, and varied stakeholder perspectives.