Improving construction safety performance using event tree analysis based on unsafe behavior: a case study

This study aims to enhance construction safety performance through a comprehensive analysis of accident data by employing Event Tree Analysis (ETA) as the primary analytical tool. A thorough analysis of past accident records is essential for understanding the characteristics of construction accidents, with the aim of reducing the number of accidents and fatalities among construction workers. This research integrates ETA with descriptive statistics and correlation analysis (Cramer’s V and Phi coefficient) to assess accident scenarios and determine the likelihood of initiating unsafe events. The primary data source comprised 298 fatal construction accident cases. Results showed that a lack of safety compliance and inadequacies in safety equipment were the main contributing factors. Specifically, ETA revealed that the initiating event with the highest probability was the lack of willingness among workers to follow safety protocols, exacerbated by insufficient on-site readiness of protective equipment. Ensuring the availability of safety equipment is crucial, as it serves as the last line of defence for preventing serious injuries or fatalities. The study underscores the significance of implementing comprehensive safety measures that collectively support the development of practical accident prevention strategies.