The Japanese adaptation of Theory of Mind Inventory-2: Item Response Theory modelling for the assessment of theory of mind development
Abstract
This study examines the Japanese adaptation of the Theory of Mind Inventory-2 (ToMI-2) for assessing Theory of Mind (ToM) development in Japanese children. ToMI-2 was translated and culturally adjusted, including the replacement of one item for better cultural relevance. A total of 142 children aged 3–6 years and their parents participated, completing the Japanese ToMI-2 along with complementary assessments. The validation revealed significant correlations with standard measures and good reliability. Item Response Theory modelling confirmed the tool’s developmental scaling and psychometric quality, supporting its utility for cross-cultural research.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Child and Animal Learning Development
Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
Early Childhood Education and Development
Publication details
- Journal / source
- European Journal of Developmental Psychology
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 274–284
- Publication date
- 25 February 2026
- Language
- EN