The application of CRISPR-Cas9 system in brain diseases

As an efficient genome-editing technology, Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated protein9 (Cas9) system is increasingly being recognized as a significant therapeutic strategy for brain diseases. In recent years, researchers have continuously tried to regulate the expression of genes related to the nervous system through CRISPR-Cas9 system, which provides a new and efficient strategy for the treatment of brain diseases. At the same time, various delivery vectors of CRISPR-Cas9 system have been reported. Although some delivery vectors have not been applied to the research of brain diseases, they still provide valuable ideas for the brain delivery of CRISPR-Cas9 system. In this review, we summarized the principle of CRISPR-Cas9 system and its application in the nervous system, discussed the barrier of blood-brain barrier (BBB) to the treatment of brain diseases, overviewed various delivery vectors of CRISPR-Cas9 system and their applications, and highlighted advanced of CRISPR-Cas9 system applied to various brain diseases. Furthermore, we also discussed the existing obstacles and promising avenues for future investigation regarding CRISPR-Cas9-based therapeutic approaches. This article, through retrieving keyword combinations[PubMed,from Jan. 2018 to Dec. 2025], aims to elucidate the CRISPR-Cas9 system's potential for extensive future research and application as a therapeutic strategy for brain disorders.