Increasing plant protein sources in the diet modulates gut microbiota and tryptophan metabolism in men at cardiometabolic risk

Gut Microbes 2026 Open access

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Authors: Gaïa Lépine, Anne-Marie Davila, Gwendal Cueff, G T Pickering, Farid Ichou, Caroline Perreau, Catherine Lefranc‐Millot, Marine Gilles, Florence Thirion, F Mariotti, Didier Rémond, Hélène Fouillet
+1 more Sergio Polakof
DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2026.2677951
Cited by: 1
References: 77

Abstract

). Compared to CON, FLEX increased fecal xanthurenic acid and decreased the genetic potential for indole production. Combined with previously reported plasma changes (increased indole propionic acid and decreased indoxyl sulfate after FLEX), these findings suggest a shift away from indole production toward kynurenine and indole propionic acid-related tryptophan pathways, possibly driven by higher fiber intake, particularly from legumes. A one-month flexitarian diet thus modulated in men specific microbial taxa and metabolism, particularly tryptophan catabolism. These coordinated changes in microbial composition, functional potential, and metabolites indicate that diets higher in PP sources influence gut microbiota activities relevant to cardiometabolic health.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Gut microbiota and health Tryptophan and brain disorders Nutritional Studies and Diet

Publication details

Journal / source
Gut Microbes
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Volume
18
Issue
1
Pages
2677951–2677951
Publication date
27 May 2026
Language
EN