Economic burden of diabetes: A population-prevalence based healthcare cost analysis

This study aimed to comprehensively quantify the economic burden of diabetes mellitus (type 1 and 2) and related complications in Eastern Iran. Data from 910 patients were analyzed using a prevalence-based approach to estimate the annual burden, calculated as the sum of direct medical, direct non-medical, and indirect costs multiplied by prevalence. The mean age was 52, with higher prevalence in those over 65. The average annual treatment cost was $1,153, significantly higher in patients with complications. Major cost drivers included medications, hospitalization, and indirect costs from productivity loss and premature mortality. Key factors increasing costs were older age, male gender, elevated BMI, longer disease duration, severity, and sedentary lifestyle. The total economic burden was approximately $26.37 million, with Birjand County bearing the largest share. Diabetes prevalence has risen sharply over six years, disproportionately affecting females and rural populations. Spatial analysis revealed significant geographic disparities. These findings highlight the urgent need for targeted prevention and comprehensive management programs to reduce the substantial economic and health impacts of diabetes in South Khorasan.