Towards a Multidimensional Taxonomy of Intangible Cultural Heritage: Integrating National Frameworks, Functional Classifications, and Digital Heritage

This paper proposes a refined, multidimensional taxonomy of intangible cultural heritage (ICH) that addresses gaps and limitations in existing classification systems, including those developed by UNESCO and national heritage inventories. Through a semi-systematic literature review, it synthesizes scholarly models, policy frameworks, and regional taxonomies to construct a hierarchical classification that integrates thematic, functional, and digital dimensions of ICH. The suggested taxonomy expands the conventional models by incorporating economic functions, sustainability roles, and emerging digital heritage forms. It enables cross-category classification, enhances compatibility across regional systems, and accommodates contemporary cultural transformations. By advancing both theoretical coherence and practical usability, this taxonomy supports more effective cultural policy, heritage management, and interdisciplinary research in an era of digital and environmental change.