Advanced position control and artificial intelligence strategies for robust robotic manipulators with energy-saving features: a comprehensive review

This paper provides a comprehensive review of advanced control systems and artificial intelligence techniques for robotic manipulators, emphasizing their role in enhancing position accuracy, robustness against uncertainties, and energy efficiency. Robotic manipulators are rapidly becoming key systems in industries such as manufacturing, healthcare, agriculture, and disaster response. In practical environments, robotic manipulators are prone to uncertainties that degrade position accuracy, safety, and energy efficiency. Furthermore, there is increasing worldwide concern over energy efficiency due to environmental and resource constraints. Therefore, designing a reliable control system under uncertainties with improved energy efficiency is a challenging task, considering the trade-off between robustness and energy use. Most previous reviews focus mainly on position control under uncertainties, while this review highlights control systems and artificial intelligence techniques addressing both energy consumption and position accuracy. This paper identifies key challenges and limitations and provides directions for future work, including integrating multiple control systems with artificial intelligence to improve accuracy and energy efficiency.