From traditional religious leader to actor of social change: a comprehensive Systematic literature network analysis the role of a Kyai in Indonesia based on scopus database

This study maps and analyzes the evolving role of a Kyai in Indonesia, from traditional religious leaders to dynamic actors of social change, using a systematic literature network analysis (SLNA) of 107 peer-reviewed articles published between 2015 and 2025. The analysis reveals a shift in the role of a Kyai from conventional religious authority to broader domains, including education, social leadership, politics, digital adaptation, and environmental advocacy. Employing bibliometric techniques and visualization tools such as VOSviewer, the study identifies key publication trends, collaborative networks, and thematic clusters. It highlights the growing academic focus on the role of a Kyai in digital leadership, gender justice, and sustainable development. The results show that while interest in research related to a Kyai has increased significantly, much of it remains descriptive and context-specific, lacking global and comparative perspectives. The study contributes to the literature by offering a quantitative and qualitative mapping of research on a Kyai, uncovering underexplored areas. This bibliometric analysis provides a valuable foundation for future research that seeks to understand Islamic leadership in contemporary Muslim societies. Although limited to the Scopus database, this study offers original insight into how a Kyai has transformed within Indonesia’s religious and socio-political landscape. It also suggests directions for interdisciplinary and cross-cultural scholarship.