Magnetic nanocomposite of zinc and magnesium oxides as highly efficient adsorbent for remediation of basic fuchsine dye from water

In this research, a magnetic ZnO–MgO nanocomposite was synthesized via the sonochemical method to create a novel nano-sorbent for the removal of Basic Fuchsine dye. The morphology and elemental analysis of the prepared adsorbent were characterized using XRD, FT-IR spectroscopy, SEM, and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy. Magnetic hysteresis measurement was conducted using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The UV-Vis spectrophotometer was utilized to measure the concentration of the remaining dye solution. The various factors, including dye concentration, pH, temperature, amount of adsorbent and time were examined to attain the maximum removal efficiency. Optimal conditions for the adsorption process were achieved with a contact time (t): 30 min, pH: 6.7, temperature (T): 35 °C, adsorbent mass (m): 0.001 g, and initial dye concentration (C): 20 mg/L. The adsorption of Basic Fuchsine onto the ZnO–MgO nanocomposite followed a pseudo-second-order model and showed spontaneous, endothermic monolayer chemisorption with high efficiency.