Nanofiller Hybridization for Enhanced UV Absorption and Thermal Stability in Electrospun PAN Composites: Morphological and Structural Insights

The present study is meant to address the development and analysis of polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based electrospun nanofibers, which can be reinforced with TiO2 and CNTs for multifunctional applications of UV blocking and high temperature. FTIR and SEM analyses confirmed uniform dispersion of the nanofillers and increased surface morphology due to strong interfacial interaction. Thermogravimetric analysis was performed on PAN–TiO2–CNT composites to show high char residues for improved thermal resistance, the maximum being 46.36% for PAN–TiO2–CNT composites, which is ~26% higher than that obtained for pristine PAN (36.88%). UV absorbance is highly red-shifted with an almost 80% increase in UV absorbance in PAN–TiO2–CNT compared to pristine PAN via UV–Vis spectroscopy and band gap improvement from 3.02 to 3.14 eV, showing its superior UV-shielding guarantee. These findings confirm that incorporation of hybrid nanofillers enhances the ability in terms of better thermal stability and absorption of UV radiation. Thus, these developed nanofibrous composites will further enforce them as candidates for lightweight stealth coatings, thermal insulation, and multifunctional spaces.