Alleviation of salt stress in crops through biochar application

Saline lands grow every year because of climate change and human activities. Therefore, finding sustainable and inexpensive solutions to reduce soil salinity and increase crop resistance to salt stress has become one of the main concerns of agricultural and environmental scientists. In recent years, researchers have reported the positive effects of biochar on reducing abiotic stresses in crops, including salinity, drought, and heavy metals. Therefore, this review elaborates on the effects of salinity stress on crop structure. This finding explains the role of biochar in enhancing crop performance through improved morphophysiological and biochemical structures. Finally, the review evaluates the role of biochar in reducing salinity stress by increasing plant growth, photosynthesis, antioxidant systems, and improving soil physical, chemical and biological properties.