Exploring factors and clustering of community willingness to pay in sustainable waste management in Jakarta, Indonesia

This study examines community engagement in sustainable waste management in Jakarta and the factors that influence public support. Factor analysis identified four key factors: community appraisal of waste management, community-driven initiatives, strategic planning, and innovative practices. Strategic planning had the strongest impact on financial support, showing that people trust well-organized, long-term solutions. Community-driven initiatives also encouraged more financial support, as they foster a sense of shared responsibility. Although innovation showed a smaller statistical effect compared with other factors, it was retained in the analysis because it met the minimum factor loading threshold in the exploratory factor analysis and contributed meaningfully to the explained variance, indicating that innovation remains a relevant element of community perceptions toward reducing landfill use and promoting sustainability. Cluster analysis grouped respondents into four types: high-performance recognition, strategic critics, reform seekers, and performance skeptics. .