Personalized Dietary Fiber Supplement for Chronic Metabolic Disease: A New View on Structure Specificity and Gut Microbiota

Insufficient dietary fiber intake disrupts gut microbiota composition and function, increasing the risk of chronic metabolic diseases (CMDs). Dietary fiber supplementation is a promising preventative strategy. However,current one-size-fits-all approaches may not be effective. This is because individual gut microbiota vary, leading to personalized responses to fibers. Personalized regulation of gut microbiota by dietary fiber cocktail maybe a key breakthrough for the therapeutic approaches that aimed at promoting human metabolic health. Achieving this requires overcoming a major challenge. We must decipher the relationship between the fine structure of dietary fibers and their functional impact on gut microbes. Here, fine structure refers to the monosaccharide composition, branching degree, glycosidic linkages, and polymerization patterns that collectively shape microbial enzymatic accessibility. Advances in glycomics and glycol-nutrition will provide profound insights into the dynamic degradation patterns of dietary fibers, thereby refining the foundational principles of glyco-nutrition. The advances in multi-omics techniques and bioinformatics will enable us to validate the core gut microbial communities in individuals with CMDs that respond to fibers. Furthermore, artificial intelligence and machine learning-driven prediction tools will facilitate more effective strategies. These breakthroughs could pave the way for significant progress in the prevention, treatment and management of CMDs by dietary fibers.