Tunable microwave response and logic functionality of skyrmioniums in nanomagnetic devices

Abstract A magnetic skyrmionium, a skyrmion-like spin configuration with zero net topological charge, is a promising candidate for non-volatile spintronic information-processing technologies, and its ultrafast gigahertz-range dynamics open avenues for exploiting these topologically protected nanostructures in high-frequency applications. This work explores the tunable microwave response of skyrmionium in a nanodisk through micromagnetic simulations. The study examines how variations in disk size, the number of skyrmioniums, and material parameters influence the GHz-frequency response, along with a comparative analysis with skyrmions. Resonance modes in the skyrmionium are excited by applying a sinc-pulse magnetic field to the nanodisk, and the resulting microwave response and skyrmionium size are analyzed. By employing the ferromagnetic resonance technique to probe the microwave dynamics of these chiral spin textures like skyrmioniums, a novel device architecture is proposed, capable of performing fundamental logic operations such as NOT, AND, and OR. Logic outputs are determined via fast Fourier transform spectral analysis, which directly reflects the presence or absence of skyrmioniums at the output sensor. The suppression of the skyrmion Hall effect ensures stable trajectories, and simulations under finite-temperature conditions demonstrate strong thermal robustness. These results demonstrate an additional functionality of skyrmioniums through their tunable microwave characteristics, offering promising prospects for the development of compact, reconfigurable microwave devices.