Electrical impedance tomography for stroke volume monitoring: a narrative review on signal processing, experimental and clinical applications

Abstract Objective. As cardiovascular diseases continue to rise, the accurate and convenient calculation of stroke volume (SV) and cardiac output (CO) has become an important topic. Studies have shown that electrical impedance tomography (EIT) can provide continuous non-invasive SV measurements. Despite its potential, a review of the various calculation methods for EIT-based SV and CO, along with their clinical utility, is lacking. Approach . A literature search was conducted on PubMed and Web of Science Core Collection. Full-text research articles in English were reviewed and discussed. Main results . In recent years, advancements in technology, clinical research, and intelligent algorithms have revealed EIT’s substantial potential in SV monitoring. Significance . This article offers a review of the evolution of EIT technology in measuring SV, introducing various calculation methods, their advantages, challenges, and clinical applications.