Ultrafast electron dynamics upon above band-gap excitation in epitaxial LaFeO 3 (001) thin films

Abstract Strong electron correlations in perovskite oxides give rise to rich and often unexpected electronic phenomena. In this study, we present a comprehensive surface-science investigation of epitaxial thin films of the charge-transfer insulator LaFeO 3 (001). The characterization includes low-energy electron diffraction, high-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy, and photoemission spectroscopy. We map both the occupied and unoccupied electronic states using two-photon photoemission spectroscopy. Furthermore, we probe electron dynamics through an ultraviolet–ultraviolet pump-probe experiment, exciting electrons from hybridized O 2 p /Fe 3 d states to Fe minority-spin states above the band gap. Our results reveal three distinct unoccupied states, which we assign to Fe t 2 g ↓ , Fe e g ↓ , and La 5 d orbitals. Notably, the conduction band minimum exhibits a biexponential decay with time constants of 39 fs and 1100 fs, suggesting the presence of two independent decay pathways.