Emergence of extreme events in a reduced jerk system

Abstract This study investigates the emergence of extreme events (EEs) in a simplified three-dimensional autonomous nonlinear jerk system characterized by chaotic and intermittent oscillations. Stability and bifurcation analyses reveal dynamic transitions under parameter variation. EEs are systematically characterized through probability distribution functions (PDFs) and clearly delineated using two-parameter phase diagrams: one constructed from maximal Lyapunov exponents and another based on the threshold criterion H s . A hardware implementation employing numerical integration validates the results. To our knowledge, this is the first real-time experimental investigation of EEs in a jerk system, underscoring their significance in chaos-based applications.