Influence of energy storage technology development on carbon emission intensity in China

Abstract Energy storage technology (EST) is an essential component and infrastructure for developing a modern power system, acting as a vital support for attaining carbon peaking and carbon neutrality objectives. This research employs provincial panel data spanning from 2000 to 2021 to systematically examine the impact of EST on carbon emission intensity (CI) and its underlying mechanisms. The findings indicate that EST significantly reduces carbon emissions. Improving energy use efficiency and increasing the proportion of renewable energy consumption are the mechanisms by which EST achieves its emission reduction effect. The analysis of heterogeneity indicates that the carbon emission reduction effect of EST is more significant in both eastern and western regions, as well as in areas with lower levels of economic development. These findings enrich research on carbon neutrality technology support and offer valuable policy implications.