Investigation of a Surface Potential Prediction Method Based on Discrete Measurement Points

Abstract This paper addresses the problem of estimating the full-surface potential distribution and extrapolating the spatial electric field distribution when only limited potential parameters on complex surfaces are available. A potential field spatial extrapolation technique based on potential field theory is proposed. The method integrates a sample library intelligent matching algorithm and the boundary element method (BEM) to accurately reconstruct the full-surface potential distribution from sparsely sampled potential data on the hull surface, and further extrapolates the electric field distribution in the surrounding space. The approach enables effective prediction of both the hull surface potential and underwater electric field under limited potential acquisition conditions.