Characteristics of a small seawater distillation dispenser with vacuum chamber for increasing fresh water production

Abstract More effective, environmentally friendly, and widely used desalination technologies have been developed as a result of the worldwide freshwater shortage situation. Small seawater distillation dispenser with vacuum chamber, which reduces seawater’s boiling point to allow for low-temperature evaporation, is one promising technique. In order to produce fresh water from seawater, this study intends to assess the performance characteristics of a vacuum-chambered MED (Multi-Effect Distillation) dispenser as a small desalination system. Lab-scale MED units with variable working parameters, such as vacuum pressures ranging from 20 kPa to 70 kPa, operating temperatures between 50 and 80 °C, and three chambers, were designed and tested as part of the research methodology. Fresh water production rate, gained output ratio (GOR), and salt rejection efficiency were among the performance metrics examined. Under working circumstances of 50 kPa, the experimental results demonstrate that a drop in vacuum pressure significantly enhances the freshwater production rate in comparison to atmospheric pressure. An optimal GOR value of 0.008 in a 3-effect configuration, the system’s energy efficiency is demonstrated. According to the study’s findings, vacuum-chambered MED dispensers hold enormous promise as portable, high-performing, eco-friendly desalination equipment. These results are anticipated to serve as the foundation for the creation of small, renewable energy-based desalination devices that can be used in isolated locations with inadequate clean water infrastructure and along coastlines.