The effect of deprotonation agent ratio and temperature on the synthesis of iron-based metal–organic framework

Abstract Water pollution due to coloured effluents, especially from textile industry activities, poses significant risks to ecological systems and human health. One promising approach to address this problem is the use of metal–organic framework (MOF)-based adsorbents. This study aims to synthesize an iron–based MOF (Fe–MOF) using green synthesis method with gallic acid as ligand and evaluate its performance in adsorbing methylene blue from aqueous solution. The synthesis conditions were tuned by varying the molar ratio of deprotonating agent and synthesis temperature. Characterization was performed using FTIR, XRD, and SEM to observe the structure and morphology of the material. Under a deprotonation ratio of 2.2 and a synthesis temperature of 90°C, the Fe–MOF exhibited the highest yield of 35.875%. The adsorption test showed the maximum capacity of methylene blue absorption reached 299.30 mg g −1 . Thus, the ratio of deprotonating agent and synthesis temperature act as determining factors for achieving successful synthesis and optimal material performance. This Fe–MOF shows great potential as an environmentally friendly adsorbent for industrial wastewater treatment applications.