Optimization synthesis and characterization of silica nanoparticles (SNPs) from rice husk ash for sustainable environmental material

Abstract This study investigates the utilization of rice husk waste as a sustainable source of silica nanoparticles (SNPs). The synthesis process involved drying rice husks at 200°C for 12 hours with oven, grinding into fine powder, sintering process with furnance and use ballmill for the size nanoparticle to homogen. The resulting material was characterized using SEM-EDX, XRD, and FTIR, PSA. SEM images revealed nanometer-sized particles with morphology structure and aggregation, while EDX confirmed silica as the dominant component with Si (36.64%) and O (62.74%). The XRD analysis showed a broad amorphous peak at 2θ = 21.58° with very small crystallite size, and FTIR spectra identified characteristic Si–O–Si and –OH functional groups, confirming the amorphous structure with active surface sites. These results from particle size analyzed has size 45 nm These findings demonstrate that rice husk can be effectively converted into nanosilica with suitable morphological and chemical properties for nanocomposite development.