Cinnamon agroforestry planting pattern in Jambi Province

Abstract Indonesia is one of the world’s leading producers of cinnamon, particularly the species Cinnamomum burmannii . Indonesian cinnamon is well known for its strong aroma and is considered an important export commodity. Cultivation is generally carried out under agroforestry systems with different planting patterns and elevations. This study was conducted in Jambi Province to examine the relationship between cinnamon agroforestry patterns and elevation. Field surveys and mapping were undertaken to document the existing planting systems. The mapping results showed that cinnamon was cultivated across several altitudinal ranges: 500–1,000 meters above sea level (masl) covering 24,286 hectares (42%), 1,000–1,500 masl covering 30,301 hectares (52%), and 1,500–2,000 masl covering 3,440 hectares (6%). Three main agroforestry planting patterns were identified: (1) random mixture, where cinnamon is interplanted with diverse tree species; (2) intercropping of cinnamon with coffee; and (3) alley cropping with horticultural crops. Among these, the random mixture was the most widely practiced, followed by cinnamon–coffee intercropping and alley cropping. Overall, cinnamon agroforestry in Jambi covered 58,026 hectares, with the largest proportion (30,301 hectares) located at 1,000–1,500 masl.