Morphological characterization of potential arabica coffee Longberry Kawisari local Blitar district East Java Indonesia

Abstract Coffee production in Indonesia is currently produced from smallholder plantation coffee cultivation. Various local coffee varieties are found on the mountain’s slopes is arabica coffee with longberry fruit type. The variants were explored, identified, and characterized to obtain information on development potential, by calculating the number of plants, the number of farmer-owners, geographical distribution, behavior, and description of advantages as well as potential production and quality of coffee beans. The geographical distribution of longberry coffee in this area is only in Kawisari, a volcanic plateau, 950 m- 1850 m above sea level, with a dry climate. The current plant number reaches 2,560 trees, aged 15-25 years. The growth type is a shrub, sympodial, cylindrical crown, plagiotropic branch behavior, and ellipsoid leaf shape. Duration of fruiting is 5-6 months, oval fruit shape, large size, weight 17.2-18.8 g/fruit, and 2 seeds/fruit. Dry beans contain moderate levels of caffeine. Fruit production is 6.3-7.1 t/ha. The uniqueness of Longberry Kawisari coffee lies in its distinctive flavor, which is influenced by the volcanic environment of Mount Kelud, and its tolerance to the coffee berry borer pest, making it an alternative Arabica coffee variety with potential for widespread development.