Agri-food systems in the era of digital transformation: a systematic literature review

Abstract The agri-food system (AFS) must undergo the digital transformation in response to several environmental and social demands. This study aims to explore strategies for strengthening the capacity of agri-food systems in the context of digital transformation. This systematic literature analysis uses the Scopus database, which covers the years 2018–2023, as a basis for reporting. There were 7735 articles identiIied, and 19 articles reviewed following the evaluation process. We combined a concept-driven and data-driven coding technique to extract data. More activities within the AFS are being examined using qualitative research methods, particularly in the agricultural sectors. Continuous change is the main goal and therefore innovations in technology such as smart farming have the potential to become breakthrough strategies. To verify and validate qualitatively produced theories and phenomena, more mixed-methods or quantitative research could complement the already prevalent qualitative methodologies. This study contributes the recent empirical and theoritical advacements and identify key thematic areas that are essential for building resilient and sustainable agri-food systems.