Controlled growth and emergent properties of 2D high-entropy materials

Abstract Combining the rich chemical compositions of high-entropy materials (HEMs) with the quantum confinement effects of two-dimensional (2D) structures, 2D HEMs have emerged as a pivotal class of materials. The significance of synthesizing 2D HEMs lies in overcoming the driving force for phase separation while simultaneously maintaining the structural integrity and atomic flatness characteristic of 2D structures. This review categorizes recent progress in synthesizing 2D HEMs through thermodynamic, kinetic and their synergistic control, implemented by tuning critical preparation parameters and reaction conditions. We further summarize the mechanism of these parameters in modulating surface adsorption-desorption and reducing the energy barriers for atomic migration. Furthermore, we conclude the novel properties encompassing catalysis, energy storage, and physical properties. Finally, we outline a paradigm shift for the rational design of 2D HEMs with tailored functionalities, opening up fresh perspectives for future research on 2D HEMs.