Laser beam collimator for controlled divergence in dazzler applications

Abstract This article presents the design, development, and experimental validation of a closed-loop, feedback-controlled laser beam collimation system to maintain a consistent beam diameter across varying distances. The system was specifically designed for laser dazzler applications, where maintaining a fixed beam profile is crucial for operational safety, visual effectiveness, and compliance with regulatory requirements. The prototype incorporates a triangulation-based distance measurement approach, utilizing a red pointer laser and an inertial measurement sensor to determine the real-time distance to the target. This distance data is processed by an Arduino Nano microcontroller, which adjusts a Plano-convex collimating lens through a precision stepper motor, effectively compensating for beam divergence. The control algorithm is designed to maintain a beam diameter of 15 cm under dynamic conditions by continuously aligning the lens position with the measured distance. Experimental validation up to 6.6 meters demonstrated high measurement accuracy (R 2 ≈ 0.998) and effective diameter stabilization, even as the natural beam spread increased significantly without correction. The system is designed and programmed to maintain a constant beam diameter of 15 cm by adjusting the lens position in real-time at various distances. Although tested in a limited spatial environment, the underlying model and actuator scaling indicate strong potential for extension up to 100 meters with enhanced hardware. This work presents a low-cost, scalable, and efficient solution for real-time laser beam shaping, providing practical benefits for tactical and optical systems that require adaptability, precision, and robustness in field conditions.