Differences in memory functioning

Abstract This chapter examines the mechanisms of memory, focusing on forgetting, distortions, and the impact of emotional events. It presents two views on forgetting: decay, where memories fade over time, and interference, where similar memories disrupt retrieval. The chapter explores flashbulb memories, which are vivid recollections of significant events, and the reminiscence bump, where people tend to remember events from their adolescence more clearly. It also discusses how existing knowledge and schemata influence memory, potentially leading to errors. Finally, the chapter addresses the misinformation effect and its implications for eyewitness testimony and the creation of false memories.