Impact of Breast Augmentation, Reduction, and Nipple Repair on Breastfeeding Success: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Plastic surgery on the breast is among the most common aesthetic and reconstructive procedures performed today, with a variety of surgical approaches available. Emerging evidence suggests that these procedures may negatively affect breastfeeding. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the effects of breast augmentation, reduction, and nipple repair operations on breastfeeding success. A systematic literature search was conducted in Medline (via PubMed), Embase, and the Cochrane Library (CENTRAL). Prospective and retrospective studies were included with the endpoint of quantitative breastfeeding success rates. Using random-effects meta-analysis, we calculated pooled proportions with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and compared subgroups where p